How hexadecimal arithmetic works
Hexadecimal uses sixteen digits: 0 through 9 and A through F, where A equals 10 and F equals 15 in decimal. Carrying and borrowing work the same way as in decimal, except the base is 16 instead of 10.
Hex is popular in computing because each hex digit maps neatly to exactly four binary bits, making it a compact way to represent binary data such as memory addresses, colour codes, and MAC addresses.