Convergence tests
The divergence test checks if terms approach zero — if they do not, the series must diverge. The ratio test computes lim |a_{n+1}/a_n|: if less than 1 the series converges absolutely, if greater than 1 it diverges.
For geometric series with first term a and common ratio r, the infinite sum equals a/(1−r) when |r| < 1.
S = a / (1 − r), |r| < 1
Geometric series sum formula.