Protein distribution and muscle protein synthesis
Muscle protein synthesis (MPS) responds to each meal's leucine content rather than cumulative daily protein in a simple additive way. Most research suggests a minimum of ~0.4 g/kg per meal (roughly 20–40 g for most adults) is needed to meaningfully stimulate MPS. Per-meal amounts above ~40–50 g provide diminishing additional MPS benefit per meal, though the extra protein is still used for other body functions. Very low per-meal protein (under 20 g across 2–3 meals) may underutilise the MPS response, making higher-frequency protein distribution preferable when meal count is not constrained.